Impacto del manejo de residuos humanos en la estimación de la antigua población maya

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Publicado: feb 8, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19130/iifl.ecm.2018.51.876
Palabras clave:
Maya Tikal población aguas residuales manejo de desechos.

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Wong Alfred
Friends of Aboriginal Health, Vancouver, Canada

Resumen

La población de los antiguos mayas tradicionalmente se ha estimado multiplicando el número de montículos residenciales descubiertos por el número asumido de personas por hogar en un transecto dado de un sitio arqueológico. Este enfoque es fundamentalmente débil ya que ambos parámetros clave están sujetos a grandes variaciones a lo largo del tiempo por varios siglos. El resultado omnipresente de este enfoque es que los antiguos mayas son casi siempre interpretados con una gran base poblacional, especialmente durante el período Clásico. Lo que se omite en estudios previos es la demostración de la sostenibilidad de dicho cálculo teniendo en cuenta, entre otras cosas, el manejo efectivo de los desechos humanos. La eliminación de residuos en la antigua Tikal se agravó por el terreno generalmente llano y la falta de canales naturales de drenaje. Los únicos medios de eliminación de desechos habrían sido mediante trasporte a pie de trabajadores manuales, que trasladarían los desechos recolectados diariamente para verterlos en fosas sépticas a cierta distancia de los asentamientos humanos altamente poblados. Hubo una notable ausencia de animales de tiro y vehículos con ruedas, incluidos los medios de transporte, que podrían haber facilitado tales vías de eliminación. La problemática del manejo de los residuos humanos ciertamente habría limitado el tamaño práctico de los grupos de población en la antigua Tikal. 

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Cómo citar
Alfred, W. (2018). Impacto del manejo de residuos humanos en la estimación de la antigua población maya. Estudios De Cultura Maya, 51, 111-128. https://doi.org/10.19130/iifl.ecm.2018.51.876
Número
Vol. 51 (2018)
Sección
Artículos

El autor o autores se compromete(n) a firmar una declaración autorizando la publicación en los distintos soportes y espacios de difusión de Estudios de CulturaMaya y cediendo los derechos patrimoniales sobre la obra en forma total y exclusiva a la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, conforme a lo establecido en el artículo 84 de la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor y demás relativos y aplicables a su reglamento, en el entendido de que será respetado su derecho autoral sobre la obra, se les otorgará el crédito correspondiente y recibirá(n) un ejemplar del número de Estudios donde aparezca el artículo

Biografía del autor/a

Wong Alfred, Friends of Aboriginal Health, Vancouver, Canada

Canadiense. Realizó estudios de maestría en Ingeniería química en la Universidad McGill en Montreal, Canadá. Actualmente es miembro de Friends of Aboriginal Health, de Vancouver, Canadá. Sus principales temas de interés son la dieta antigua, la salud humana, la sociología nativa, la justicia social contemporánea, la agricultura rural y la ciencia del ambiente. Su proyecto de investigación en curso se titula “Ancient Maya Ecology and Life -Alternative Perspectives”. Entre sus últimas publicaciones se encuentran “Estimation of Ancient Maya population: Basic human nutritional needs for sustenance”, “Of Kimchi, Caribou – and Canadian multiculturalism? An Exploratory Study” y “Caribbean Island Tourism: Pathway to Continued Colonial Servitude”, las dos primeras en coautoría. 

taiping@fnaboriginalhealth.net

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